Git-Commands

Git-Commands

Collection of git commands that you need to use quite often.

Some great links:

• Git-Branching-Basic-Branching-and-Merging: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Basic-Branching-and-Merging
• Git-Branching-Rebasing: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing
• Git-Tools-Stashing-and-Cleaning: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Stashing-and-Cleaning

🧑🏻User Config related commands:

• View user details:

  📝 git config user.name

  📝 git config user.email

• View all details:

  📝 git config --list

• Set details globally:

  📝 git config --global user.name "<user_name>"

  📝 git config --global user.email "<email>"

  Not recommended to use global settings, better use project level settings. Helpful if you have multiple accounts.

• Set details at project level:

  📝 git config user.name "<user_name>"

  📝 git config user.email "<email>"

🔁 Remote related commands:

• Get remote repository to local:

  📝 git clone <repository_url>

• List all existing remotes:

  📝 git remote -v

• Add remote:

  📝 git remote add <remote_name> <repository_url>

• Update/Change remote url:

  📝 git remote set-url <existing_remote_name> <new_url>

• Remove remote:

  📝 git remote remove <remote_name>

  More Explanation: http://help.github.com/articles/changing-a-remote-s-url

🤷🏻‍♂️ Ignore related commads:

• Ignore tracked files:

  📝 git update-index --assume-unchanged <file>

🌿 Branch related commands:

• View branches:

  📝 git branch

• Switch to a branch:

  📝 git checkout <branch_name>

• Switch to a branch igorning non-commited changes on current branch

  📝 git checkout -f <branch_name>

• Get a remote branch on local and switch to it:

  📝 git fetch && git checkout <branch_name>

• Cut a new branch from an existing branch and switch to the newly created branch:

  📝 git checkout -b <new_branch_name> <existing_branch_name>

• Save changes in the branch (on local):

  📝 git commit for bigger commit messages

  📝 git commit -m "<commit_message>" for smaller commit messages

• Push changes from local branch to remote branch:

  📝 git push -u <remote_name> <branch_name> if branch is created locally and it doesn’t exist at remote yet,

  📝 git push <remote_name> <branch_name> otherwise

• Rename branch:

  📝 git branch -m <new_name> if on the branch that needs to be renamed:

  📝 git branch -m <old_name> <new_name> if on different branch:

  The above is enough if the branch only exists in your local, but if the branch has been pushed to remote, follow these two additional steps:

  📝 git push origin :<old_name> <new_name> This will delete old_name remote branch and push new_name local branch

  📝 <switch to branch and> git push origin -u <new_name>This will reset the upstream branch for the new-name local branch:

• Merge a branch with another:

  📝 git checkout <destination_branch>

  📝 git merge <source_branch>

  I typically merge using GUI(IntelliJ for Java Projects)

• Delete local branch:

  📝 git branch -d <branch_name>

  📝 git branch -D <branch_name> if you have uncommited/unmerged changes:

🔀 Revert related commands:

• Revert to older commits:

  📝 git reset --hard <destination_commit_id>

  If the commits that are being reverted were already pushed to remote do git push --force also, however, be very very careful, this will rewrite your history. You will lose the commit and is generally not a very nice thing to do in a collaborative environment.

• Pull changes from remote ignoring any local changes:

  📝 git reset ---hard to go to last commit and then,

  📝 git pull <remote_name> <repository_url>

• Unstage a file:

  📝 git reset file/to/unstage

• Edit a commit message which is not yet pushed

  📝 git commit --amend for bigger messages

  📝 git commit --amend -m <new_commit_message>

  If commits were already pushed to remote, update the remote too with below command

  📝 git push <remote_name> <branch_name> -f or git push <remote_name> <branch_name> --force

• Revert specific files to specific commit:

  📝 git checkout <commit_id> -- <file1/to/restore> <file2/to/restore>

• Recover a branch after its deleted:

  📝 git checkout -b <branch_name> <sha>

  To find sha do git reflog or in case you have just deleted your branch, then scroll up in terminal to find something like Deleted branch <your_branch> (was <sha>)